The impact of the spiny water flea on the Great Lakes ecosystem is still largely unknown. Resource managers have expressed concern that the animal may compete directly with young perch and other small fish for food, such as the Daphnia zooplankton.
Spiny water fleas also reproduce rapidly. During warm summer conditions each female can produce up to 10 offspring every two weeks.As temperatures drop in the fall, so do their reproductive rates. However, the eggs that are produced can lie dormant all winter, and grow into adults as soon as springtime brings warmer weather.
High numbers of the animal would not pose a problem if they were heavily
consumed by predators. But the
sharp spine makes it extremely difficult for smaller fish to eat, leaving
only a few larger species of fish to feed
on them. As a result, their populations remain high, while the populations
of native plankton, which they feed
on, have declined.